Assessment refers to the different ways – methods and tools – educators and students use to reflect on, evaluate, measure, and document readiness, learning progress, skill acquisition, and/or learning needs. Assessment approaches, and the type of data collected, vary widely. It can be used for diagnostic, formative, interim, and/or summative purposes. It can be used formally and informally, and undertaken by self or others. Finally, the data gathered through assessment activities can be qualitative and quantitative.